{"text_format":"1","workbook":"xlsx","n_sheets":2,"sheets":["Instructions","PV"],"not_rendered":{"charts":0,"images":0,"macros":1,"external_links":0,"defined_names":0,"comments":0,"pivot_tables":0},"unopened":[],"bounds":{"document_bytes":16777216,"sheet_cells":100000,"rows_first":2000,"rows_last":500,"rows_between":2000,"halvings":0,"cell_chars":16384,"cell_head_chars":4096},"cells_cut":0,"cells_raw":0,"read":"whole","date_system":"1900"}

{"sheet":"Instructions","index":0,"n_rows":24,"n_cols":1,"rows_kept":24,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}
["This spreadsheet allows you to calculate Present value of any future cashflows, savings or outgoings (as the case may be)"]
[]
["You can use it to calculate Net Present Value (NPV) to decide if you should undertake a particular project or not"]
[]
["You can also use this to decide how much money you need to invest upfront to pay for future outgings such as college fees"]
[]
["You can enter the discounting rate once in cell B3 and once you enter number of periods in B4, it will replicate for all periods. You can then change it for any particular period if you want to, which gives you additional flexiblity "]
[]
["Please note the rate needs to be for the period (e.g. monthly if the period is month) and should be entered as percentage"]
[]
["You can specify whether the particular cashflow applies at start of the period or end of the period, default is end of the period"]
[]
["The maximum number of periods is 600, which is sufficient for majority of PV calculations. It must be entered as an integer"]
[]
["Enter the cashflow values for each period  in column K. Ensure that the input is numeric"]
[]
["Once all the required information is filled press CALCULATE PV and the answer will appear in cell B1. The illustration assumes you will receive $100 for next 2 years , at end of each year and the discounting rate is 3.5%. Then the PV of these cashflows is $189.97"]
[]
["Ensure you use CLEAR button to cleat the existing data before entering fresh set of inputs"]
[]
["You will have to enable macros"]
[]
["Consider the below example (shown as illustratiom)"]
["As a result of new software installation you will be able to redeploy your current staff for other functions and will potentially save 15k on staff costs in year 2 and then 30k for next 8 years (for the first year just assume nominal saving of $1). 10 years is the lifespan of this software. The upfront cost of this software is 100k, for simplicity assume there are no annual maintenance charges (if there are, just offset them against annual savings). You need to determine if 100k is a worthwhile investment. Assuming discounting rate of 8% you can see the PV of these savings would be 160665, which makes the investment in this software profitable. If you increase the discounting rate, the PV will decrease and vice versa. In a way discounting rate is the measure of the risk or uncertainty about future cashflow. Higher the rate , higher the risk. To get a conservative estimate you should assume discounting rate on the higher side if you are calculating PV of future savings or cashflows. On the other other hand assume it on the lower side if you are using it for future outflows (e.g. college fees)."]

{"sheet":"PV","index":1,"n_rows":601,"n_cols":13,"rows_kept":601,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}
["Calculated total present value (PV)",160665.50781186466,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Period #","Cashflow","Cashflow PV","Discounting rate"]
["Discounting rate(%)",8,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,1,0.92592592592592582,8]
["Number of periods",10,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,2,15000,12860.082304526748,8]
["Start of period (Y/N) default N",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,3,30000,23814.967230605089,8]
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[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,6,30000,18905.088806493139,8]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,7,30000,17504.711857864011,8]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,8,30000,16208.066535059272,8]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,9,30000,15007.469013943768,8]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,10,30000,13895.804642540525,8]
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